![]() In addition to teaching in verb patterns, focus on common verbs. Long /o/: spoke, drove, woke, broke, awoke, wrote, rode, froze t: slept, felt, left, spent, met, spent, kept, swept ought/-aught: taught, brought, caught, bought, fought, thought ![]() Unchanged: cut, put, quit, burst, hit, shut, bet, hurt, let, cost, burst ![]() I teach them roughly in the order presented. Below are the most common irregular verb forms. Irregular past tense verbs are much more difficult and don’t have a clear explanation for their verb patterns. ɪd/ or /əd/: waited, pretended, guarded, tested, acted, edited, ended, started, invited, expected, tasted, decided, needed, wanted, floated, painted, landed, decided IRREGULAR PAST TENSE VERBS t/: walked, worked, dropped, finished, stopped, laughed, coughed, watched, kicked, asked, licked, looked, talked, worked, fixed, danced, passed d/: closed, opened, moved, stayed, traveled, arrived, sneezed, pulled, turned, warned, cried, glued, carried, hugged, robbed, borrowed, entered, remembered, listened The graphic below explains when the past tense verb ends in /d/, /t/, or /ɪd, əd/. Have the student master a verb group before moving onto the next. There are 3 regular past tense verb patterns. Learning past tense verbs is lots and lots of repetition and memorization, but teaching by pattern makes the memorization easier! REGULAR PAST TENSE VERBS I also keep in mind the verbs that are most commonly used in the English language and focus on these verbs. Tip: When students know the words well, you can change it. Then that student passes the potato to the next student. When a student has the potato, that student says a verb and its past tense form (download the list of verbs below). Teaching in this organized manner allows students to better remember and feel confident learning a group of verbs before moving onto the next verb pattern. When the music starts, students pass around a potato (bean bag, stuffed animal, real potato etc). This method makes past tense verbs much more manageable and enjoyable. (This means that teach does not form its simple past tense or its past participle by adding -ed or -d to. In other words, separating them into groups where the ending of the past tense form is the same. I have found the best way is to teach by verb pattern, as opposed to teaching them randomly. There is not much logic and reasoning in past tense verb forms, making them difficult to both teach and learn.
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